The paper discusses the results of a study of blast hole drilling. The occurrence of pressure in the hole under the influence of a high pressure jet flowing from the nozzles of a jet cone bit is pulsating in nature. In the rock, where rock pressure acts, stress occurs, resulting in rock fatigue. Experiments have shown that the relaxation period, when the liquid retains the properties of a solid body, is measured in millionths of a second, while the spreading period lasts hundreds of times longer. Moreover, the relaxation period is very difficult to detect in experiments. With constant axial load and rotation speed, the mechanical rate of penetration increases with increasing  fluid flow. The paper indicates that due to a sharp change in pressure in the pores of the rocks, the liquid enclosed in them is compressed, a hydraulic shock occurs, as a result of which the walls of the pores, expanding, are brittle destroyed. This process occurs when the critical value of the tensile stress is reached. In calculations, hydromechanical destruction of the bottom occurs. In general, the analysis of accumulated experience in modeling the processes of interaction of a rock-destroying tool with a rock has shown the insufficiency of the study of the mechanism of the tool’s impact on the rock. The paper shows the need to take into account the elastic characteristics of rocks when calculating the speed of the jet during hydromechanical destruction.

Keywords: sinking, well, jet bits, rocks, rock pressure, fluid density, flushing liquid 

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